Ingredient dictionary

A plant extract and antioxidant more commonly referred to as daisy extract that can protect skin from environmental aggressors and help even skin tone.

Extract of a type of mold whose enzymes are used as a food additive and flavour enhancer in cheeses.

This extract from the bark of the true cinnamon tree has antioxidant properties but also poses a risk for irritation.

Due to its arbutin content, this extract can have some value in improving the look of discolourations.

A type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that works as an exfoliant. Due to its large molecule size, it's generally better tolerated by those with sensitive skin than glycolic acid.

Contains some antioxidant and skin-soothing properties, particularly from the enzyme bromelain it contains.

Also known as 9-octadecenedioic acid, this plant-derived ingredient plays a novel role in helping to interrupt excess melanin that triggers hyperpigmentation.

Extract from a flowering plant commonly known as western dock. Plays a supporting role in fading hyperpigmentation.

Saltwater plant whose oily extract offers impressive antioxidant ability and may help fade dark spots.

Also known as lotus flower extract, this plant-derived ingredient provides anti-aging and brightening benefits related to its antioxidant properties.

Scutellaria baicalensis root extract comes from a flowering plant native to China.

A “neuropeptide” with promising research backing its ability to visibly reduce the appearance of expression lines and wrinkles.

This derivative of the bioflavonoid rutin has antioxidant properties for skin.

Multi-tasking ferment of Punica granatum fruit extract that assists with visible signs of aging, like fine lines and dark spots, and provides light exfoliation.

This plant-based antioxidant can help calm sensitivity in skin. It also has mild exfoliant properties and is often used in conjunction with salicylic and glycolic acids in facial peels.

Technically known as phytonadione, vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin. Applying vitamin K to the surface of the skin won't improve the look of unevenness or dark circles.

By-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in the manufacture of sake.

This derivative of kojic acid has antioxidant and skin-brightening properties.

The fermented filtrate of Oryza sativa (rice) also known as sake. Contains antioxidant benefits as well as soothing and skin-tone evening properties.

Anti-aging ingredient typically sourced from wheatgerm. Shows great potential for skin longevity and skin tone evening benefits (though more research is needed).

Retinoid that encourages younger, healthier looking skin. An ester of retinol and linoleic acid.

This extract from the roots of the radish plant is high in antioxidant-rich phenolic compounds.

Plant extract that has antioxidant properties and also serves as a preservative.

This extract from the banana fruit has antioxidant and skin conditioning properties.

A plant extract, AKA adlay or Job’s tears, that contains antioxidant and brightening benefits.

This extract from the bark of the African yellow wood tree has antioxidant and antifungal properties.

This oil has hydrating properties and could help fight hyperpigmentation.

AHA, also known as alpha hydroxy acid, exfoliates skin and improves signs of ageing, dry skin and an uneven skin tone.

Antioxidant known to help visibly fade discolourations and soothe skin. It also helps skin naturally produce its own hyaluronic acid content.

Also known as AHA, it exfoliates skin and improves signs of ageing, dry skin and an uneven skin tone.

Synthetic form of glycolic acid used as a pH adjuster and exfoliant.

Antioxidant that helps enhance and even out overall skin tone. Works by interrupting triggers of discolourations. Can be of natural or synthetic origin.

Pure vitamin C, the primary antioxidant in skin. Works as an antioxidant, dullness brightener, wrinkle-reducer, and helps fade discolourations.

Stable, water-soluble form of vitamin C that brightens dull skin and fades discolourations.

Stable, oil-soluble form of vitamin C that works as an antioxidant and helps stabilise skin care formulas.

Azelaoyl bis-dipeptide-10 is a synthetic peptide built around naturally-derived azelaic acid that offers brightening and antioxidant benefits.

Backed by research for reducing discolourations, wrinkles, and other signs of aging. Contributes to improved elasticity and smoother skin.

Research shows bilberry (vaccinium myrtillis) to be effective as an antioxidant.

Kakadu plum extract is concentrated in antioxidants, including ascorbic acid (vitamin C), translating to various anti-aging benefits.

Fungi extract produced via fermentation with proven skin-brightening and antioxidant benefits. Can also improve the bioactivity of other skin care ingredients.