Ingredient dictionary

AHA, also known as alpha hydroxy acid, exfoliates skin and improves signs of ageing, dry skin and an uneven skin tone.

Antioxidant that helps enhance and even out overall skin tone. Works by interrupting triggers of discolourations. Can be of natural or synthetic origin.

A plant-based ingredient with antioxidant properties. Research also indicates it can help improve the look of skin discolourations.

Pure vitamin C, the primary antioxidant in skin. Works as an antioxidant, dullness brightener, wrinkle-reducer, and helps fade discolourations.

Stable, water-soluble form of vitamin C that brightens dull skin and fades discolourations.

Stable, oil-soluble form of vitamin C that works as an antioxidant and helps stabilise skin care formulas.

Soothing agent and gentle exfoliant that refines skin’s texture and reduces blemishes + their marks. Famous for calming reddened, sensitive skin.

A prescription azelaic acid medicine.

A ferment with skin conditioning and antioxidant properties that’s also a source of dark spot-fighting arbutin.

Extract derived from a tropical fruit (rambutan). Offers significant anti-aging benefits & helps protect against photo-aging (sun damage).

This extract from the licorice plant has antioxidant, soothing, and dark spot-fading properties.

Extract with soothing properties and anti-ageing benefits, including the ability to fade dark spots.

This type of phospholipid provides hydrating and potential dark spot fading benefits to skin.

Alpha-arbutin is one of the effective options for targeting skin discolorations. It’s also a potent antioxidant.

Extract from a plant whose many components have pronounced antioxidant and skin-calming ability.

Silymarin marianum is a plant whose many components have pronounced antioxidant and skin-calming ability.